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SATURATE: To incorporate materials into the backing for
greater internal strength and resistance to various deleterious
environments. The backing of paper tapes, for instance, may actually
contain as much as 50% by weight of a rubber based impregnate.
SATURATOR: Equipment used to saturate tape backings with
solutions for internal strength.
SHEAR CUTTER: A machine that slits tapes with rotating
knives which duplicate a scissor action. A strong edge results,
and tough, thick materials such as metal foil tape can be cut
by this technique.
SHEAR STRENGTH: The resistance of a tape to slipping, or
if its adhesive to internal splitting, when a load is applied
along the plane of the tape.
SILASTIC: A family of silicone rubber polymers used as
adhesives or coatings on cloth for high temperature products.
SILICONE RUBBER: Synthetic polymers with rubber-like properties
based on organic silicone compounds that are resistant to degradation
at very high temperatures and maintain good flexibility at low
temperatures.
SIZING: The process of applying a solution to a web or
yarn surface in order to fill pores or otherwise treat the surface
to improve the handling or functional characteristics of the material.
SHELF LIFE: The useful life of a tape in storage.
SHRINKAGE: The loss of dimension of a tape when exposed
to heat os some other environmental condition.
SLITTER: A machine used to cut wide-width (bundle) rolls
of tape into individual rolls with a given length and a given
width.
SLITTER KNIFE: A circular steel wheel, sharpened to a specified
angle and radius, used on slitting machines to cut coated backings
into rolls of predetermined size.
SLIVERING: Refers primarily to masking tape and occurs
when the tape tears when being removed from a surface.
SOLVENT: In pressure-sensitive tape technology it is the
liquid in which the various adhesive ingredients are dissolved
to facilitate their application to a substrate. It is commonly
organic in composition, e.g., toluene.
SOLVENT DISPERSION: A mixture in which the adhesive components
in finely-divided from are suspended in a solvent as opposed to
being dissolved.
SPIRALING: See "Pigtailing".
SPLICE: A point at which two separate lengths of tape are
joined together.
SPLITTING: Refers to delamination of the tape layers, or
the lengthwise rupture of the tape backing.
SNAP TEST: Describes a mode of testing. Whereas most testing
requires conditioning prior to testing, a "snap test"
would be a test taken without proper condition, that is to say,
it is an immediate test.
SOLIDS: The percentage by weight of the non-volatile matter
in an adhesive or another solution.
SOLUBILITY: The degree to which a tape or a component of
the tape will dissolve in any specific solvent.
SOLUTIONS: Homogenous liquid mixtures, most often involving
a solid material dissolved in a solvent.
SPECIFIC ADHESION: See "Adhesion".
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: The ratio of the weight of any volume
of material compared to the weight of an equal volume of water.
SPECIFICATION: Refers to the set of instructions used to
manufacture a tape and/or a set of requirements against which
a tape is tested and measured.
SPLICE TABLE: An attachment on a machine used to facilitate
splicing.
SPOKING: See "Roll
Deformation".
SPOOLED TABLE: Tape wound spirally on a wide core in layers,
permitting unusually-long lengths to be packaged in a continuous
length.
SPOOLING: The process of winding Spooled Tape, much lie
fishing line is wound on a reel.
STABILIZER: A chemical added to prolong the life of a material,
such as stabilizer in a PVC film that resists the deteriorating
effect of ultraviolet light
STAINING: The discoloration of a surface to which a tape
has been applied-e.g., an appliance or automotive finish.
STAIN RESISTANCE: A tape's freedom from discoloring surfaces
to which it is applied.
STIFFNESS: The bending resistance of a tape (the opposite
of "Flexibility").
Low stiffness is one important factor determining the conformability
of a tape.
STORAGE LIFE: See "Shelf Life".
STREAKS: Distortions in the adhesive coat, or other coatings,
represented by lines, marks, or scrapes having a different color,
shade, texture or absence of coating that is readily distinguished
from the normal uniform appearance. Streaks generally occur in
the machine direction.
STRESS RELAXATION: The treatment of a tape to remove stresses
introduced in processing-e.g., heat treatment of vinyl plastic
tape.
STRIKE THROUGH: A condition resulting when the application
of a coating solution to one side of a web forces the solution
through the web, thus partially depositing the coating on the
reverse side.
STRINGINESS: A condition of the mass in which it feels
very soft and mushy, and on close examination, relatively long
legs or strings of mass can be pulled out of the mass.
SYRENE BUTADIENE: A synthetic rubber made from styrene
and butadiene monomers (SBR). Used in adhesives and saturants.
SOLVENT RESISTANCE: The resistance of a tape backing or
adhesive to dissolving in an organic solvent- particularly those
found in paints, insulating varnishes, and cleaning solutions.
SUBSTRATE: The primary component of tape upon which the
adhesive is applied. It may be any continuous material such as
cloth, film, treated paper, metal foil, laminated materials, etc.
SLY-OFF: A family of silicone release coatings.
